Fortunate Masikati- A diabetic foot is a complication of Diabetes Mellitus where high blood sugar damages nerves and blood vessels, leading to foot problems such as ulcers, infections, and even amputation.

Causes
Poor blood sugar control
Nerve damage (neuropathy) – reduces feeling in the feet
Poor blood circulation – slows healing
Infections – due to weakened immunity
Foot injuries – cuts, burns, or pressure sores unnoticed

Risk Factors
Long duration of diabetes
Poor glucose control
Walking barefoot
Wearing tight or improper shoes
Smoking
Previous foot ulcers or amputations
Poor foot hygiene

Signs and Symptoms
Numbness or tingling in feet
Burning sensation
Pain (or no pain despite injury)
Foot ulcers (open sores)
Swelling or redness
Bad smell from wounds
Blackened skin (gangrene – severe case)

Complications
Foot ulcers
Severe infections
Gangrene
Amputation
Reduced mobility and quality of life

Treatment and Management
Blood sugar control (very important)
Wound care and cleaning
Antibiotics for infections
Pain management
Surgical removal of dead tissue (debridement)
In severe cases: amputation

Prevention
✔️ Check your feet daily
✔️ Wash and dry feet properly (especially between toes)
✔️ Moisturize (but not between toes)
✔️ Cut nails carefully
✔️ Wear comfortable, well-fitting shoes
✔️ Never walk barefoot
✔️ Control blood sugar levels
✔️ Visit a health worker regularly
❌ Myths and Misconceptions
“If it doesn’t hurt, it’s not serious” ❌ (neuropathy hides pain)
“Small wounds heal on their own” ❌
“Only old people get diabetic foot” ❌
“Soaking feet in hot water helps” ❌ (can cause burns)

NB People with diabetes must take care of their feet every day. Check for wounds, keep feet clean, wear proper shoes, and control blood sugar. Early treatment prevents serious complications like amputation.